Q1478In manuscripts like the Book of Kells, made around 800 AD, monks turned the letters of the Gospels into dense knots of ornament, using gold leaf and pigments including lapis lazuli carried across a continent.
A single elaborate page could take weeks, worked by candlelight with quills and hand-mixed colours, some so intricate they were later said to be 'the work of angels'. Before printing, a book was not reproduced but grown, one radiant page at a time — an object where writing and painting had not yet parted ways.









