Ways of seeing

Art

Artists, materials and images that changed how people look at the ordinary world.

186 entriesPage 4 of 8Context and sources

In this room

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36Drive
66Stillness
161Wonder
Q1002
WonderArt

The buried Roman city of Pompeii preserved thousands of pieces of everyday graffiti.

The ash that buried Pompeii in AD 79 preserved over 11,000 scratched and painted wall inscriptions, catalogued by scholars in the Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum. They are startlingly familiar: election posters, gladiator fan slogans (“Celadus makes the girls swoon”), tavern prices, complaints (“Oh wall, I wonder you haven't collapsed under the weight of so much scribbling”), love notes, insults and simple “I was here” marks. Rome's monuments show us emperors; Pompeii's walls are the closest we get to hearing ordinary Romans talk.

Q1135
StillnessArt

Art is never finished, only abandoned.

Not Leonardo's: the sentence is a modern adaptation of the French poet Paul Valéry's remark that a poem is never finished, only abandoned (1933). It attached itself to Leonardo because his life seemed to prove it — he left the Adoration of the Magi unfinished, reworked the Mona Lisa for years and carried it with him until death. Wrong name, right patron saint.

Q1137
StillnessArt

I saw the angel in the marble and carved until I set him free.

A beloved legend rather than a documented quotation: no version appears in Michelangelo's writings, and the story grew through 19th-century retellings. His authentic poems do contain the germ — he wrote that the greatest artist has no concept the marble does not already contain within itself. The sculptor's task, in both versions, is not adding but revealing.

Q1360
WonderHistory

Tyrian purple was a luxury dye made from sea snails.

In the ancient Mediterranean, producing Tyrian purple required laborious work with marine snails, which made the dye rare, costly and politically charged. Purple became royal not because it was naturally noble, but because it was brutally difficult to make.